Compression garments have moved from medical facilities into mainstream health and fitness. While athletes have embraced compression sleeves and socks, the medical applications of properly fitted compression wear are far more significant — and supported by decades of clinical evidence.
How Compression Therapy Works
Medical compression garments apply graduated pressure — strongest at the ankle and decreasing up the leg. This gradient assists the venous and lymphatic systems in returning fluid upward against gravity, reducing pooling, swelling, and the risk of blood clots.
Medical Applications
Chronic venous insufficiency: Compression stockings are the cornerstone of conservative treatment, reducing swelling, pain, and the risk of venous ulcers.
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prevention: Especially important during long flights, post-surgery, and extended bed rest. Compression reduces DVT risk by maintaining blood flow velocity.
Lymphedema management: After lymph node removal (common in cancer treatment), compression garments prevent and manage limb swelling by supporting lymphatic drainage.
Post-surgical recovery: Compression aids healing after varicose vein procedures, orthopedic surgeries, and liposuction.
Pregnancy: Compression stockings relieve leg heaviness and swelling, and reduce the risk of developing varicose veins during pregnancy.
Compression Classes Explained
European medical compression is categorized into classes based on pressure measured at the ankle:
- Class 1 (18-21 mmHg): Light support for tired, heavy legs and mild varicose veins
- Class 2 (23-32 mmHg): Moderate support for moderate varicose veins, post-DVT, and pregnancy
- Class 3 (34-46 mmHg): Strong support for severe venous insufficiency and lymphedema
- Class 4 (49+ mmHg): Very strong, for severe conditions under medical supervision
Getting the Right Fit
Properly fitted compression is essential for effectiveness and comfort. Measurements should be taken first thing in the morning when legs are least swollen. Key measurements include ankle circumference, calf circumference, and leg length. European medical supply companies offer made-to-measure services for non-standard sizes.
Wearing and Care Tips
- Put stockings on in the morning before getting out of bed if possible
- Use rubber gloves for better grip during application
- Wash daily in mild detergent and air dry — heat damages elastic fibers
- Replace every 3-6 months as compression decreases with use
- Remove at night unless specifically instructed otherwise by your doctor